
I have been asked a number of times which plants are deer resistant… I hear the same thing over and over again. “I just planted my garden and all the flower heads are gone!”. Well folks this is an issue that unfortunately will not go away. Its a challenge that all gardeners alike face each year especially in the Northeastern United States. There are methods to this madness that can be helpful and decrease the deer population in your yard. Lets start with a little history as to why deer may be encroaching into your property.
The White Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have inhabited this area for hundreds of years prior to disturbances and habitat fragmentation created by man as well as natural causes. Dramatic urbanization and development fragments the habitat available for wildlife species therfore deer densities often exceed ecosystem carrying capacity in remnant natural areas.
Studies have shown that landscape composition, deer density, and food availability effects and determines a deer’s home range characteristics. If deer densities exceed ecosystem carrying capacity, intraspecific competition increases and available food resources decrease. Hypothesizing that the combination of small preserved “fragmented” forested land for habitat, overbrowsed vegetation prompted deer to expand habitat into residential areas, YOUR YARD!! Fertilized lawns, flowers, shrubs, and ornamental plants provide nutritious food for urban deer. Additionally, competition for fawning sites in high-density areas may force subordinate females into neighboring areas to raise fawns. In laymans terms….Fragmentation due to human growth and urban sprawl have created smaller habitats for deer to graze and mate. Therefore increasing their population and deer density per square mile.
Ok so now that we are ALL experts lets discuss some methods to deter deer from your property. Deer pretty much LOVE anything that smells sweet and looks AWESOME. Here are some natural ways to deter deer from your yard that are safe for you, other wildlife and your pets:
1. Get a Fence. If you REALLLLLLY love your garden that much then put up a fence! If you REALLLLY love your yard then put up Fort Knox! Just kidding. Fencing is probably the best way to keep deer out of your yard and out of your flower beds. You can choose to use traditional board on board fencing (but at least 10 to 12 feet tall.. which may not fly with your township or development) or if you are looking for the extreme then you can get specialized deer fencing. (not so pretty) but may be good for those of you that have many beautiful acres of untouched land.
2. Human Hair Some people have found this to work really well. Sometimes combined with egg shells and egg yolk.
3. Liquid Fence Available at www.liquidfence.com, is a nontoxic mix of egg and garlic that lasts a month before it has to be renewed.
4. Plant Deer “Deterring or Tolerate” plants. Below is Bowman’s Hills Wildlife Preserve’s site. They provides a great list of Deer Tolerate & Resistant plants and are well known in the Landscape and Environmental Preservation industry.
Bowman’s Hills http://www.bhwp.org/native/impact_of_deer.htm
Another great list was put together by the Rutgers Agriculture Department. They have broken down native and non native plants into subsections by intensity of damage.
A = Rarely Damaged
B = Seldom Severely Damaged
C = Occasionally Severely Damaged
D = Frequently Severely Damaged
http://njaes.rutgers.edu/deerresistance/
5. Carnivore Urine Fox urine may be easy to find at your local garden center and is also available at www.predatorpee.com
6. Netting. I have found that the netting works fairly well. Once the deer know that they can’t get to the plants they will usually give up and move on to your neighbors yard. You can purchase the netting from your local garden center as well.
Honestly, if a deer is hungry they will eat ANYTHING. Just remember WHY they are in your yard!
Please leave comments or suggestions!
Thanks!